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TBI Champion Stories

TBI Champion Stories graphic with service member family.

Check out stories of service members and veterans who experienced traumatic brain injuries and got help. Caregivers also share their stories of support and advocacy, tips and resources.

Special Operations Veteran Shares His TBI Journey

Army Special Operations veteran Derek Poor was living his American dream, serving his country and leading soldiers through dozens of challenging missions. However, the cumulative effect of minor traumatic brain injuries was impossible to dismiss after he slammed into a wall during training. Seeing stars and unable to shake his persistent, daily headaches, Poor finally sought help.

Derek Poor with his son in a helo

Poor praised his family for recognizing his challenges and encouraging additional medical assessments and treatments.

"So the decision point for me to continue to press and see someone else came at the urging of my wife," he said. "She recognized that I was in great pain every day, regardless of the medication that I was being prescribed, the physical therapy. … I wasn't getting the results we were looking for."

After seven years of slow but steady progress in treating his TBI, Poor was inspired to share his story at a community meeting after he heard Marsheila Tincher, a Regional Education Coordinator for the Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence, speak. Tincher told the group about the importance of understanding a veteran's employability after they've experienced a TBI and Poor spoke up about his personal journey.

Tincher, whose own family has experience with TBI, was impressed with Poor's story. She noted that some veterans—especially those in the special operations community—attempt to mask their symptoms and avoid seeking help as early as they should to improve their recovery process.

"Our veteran community needs to hear that story … The story of treatment and success in life after the military," Tincher said. "Commands and the community need to hear his experience so that those who follow in his footsteps can benefit from his experience."

Poor's diagnosis was key to gaining his family's support. Even a quick hand signal let his kids know when they were too noisy on long car trips. And he learned to wear headphones and listen to music during volleyball games so that he could be present without feeling pain—induced by the persistent squeak of sneakers and shrill peals of whistles.

"With the diagnosis of TBI, it was helpful in them coming to understand why I acted the way I did at times—some of the things they saw me doing or not doing," Poor said.

He was fortunate to have spent most of his career at Fort Campbell, with access to its Intrepid Spirit Center. The center focuses on an interdisciplinary, integrated, holistic and collaborative assessment, treatment and rehabilitation program for patients with complex, comorbid medical conditions, particularly those with PTSD and/or post-concussive symptoms.

Poor acknowledged that it can be difficult for some veterans to come forward with a TBI.

"I think it's a challenge for service members or veterans to talk about their TBI because it's an unseen injury," he said. "It's not like a missing appendage—and so it's very different. When your head hurts every day, it impacts your life."

He believes his willingness to talk about his journey—and even wearing unique eyeglasses that prompted questions from other veterans—has helped open the door to more open discussions about his condition. Poor also benefited from supportive leaders who not only allowed him time to get the treatments he needed—including physical therapy, eyeglasses and hearing aids for noise sensitivity—but also ensured that the intensity of his military work was appropriate for where he was in his recovery process. That accommodation required an open and honest dialog with trusted medical professionals, his leaders and himself.

"They saw the impact the injury had on me and asked what was more important: my health or my career. They put my health first, before anything—even before I did," Poor said. "And because of my time and experience, and the relationship we had, they allowed me to move around within the unit so that I could best impact the mission."

Taking control of your health is one step in the recovery process. Poor recommends keeping a journal to gain a better understanding of TBI symptoms.

"If you can write down what's happening each day, what you're putting into your body, what are your activities, is your pain increasing and if you are starting to see a detriment in your performance—I think that's huge, because that then helps that medical professional make the right decision in what level treatment you might need," he said.

Are you wondering about TBI signs and symptoms? Check out this TBICoE fact sheet.

Adaptive Cycling Helps Army Veteran in TBI Recovery

While serving in Afghanistan in 2011, Army Staff Sgt. Beth King’s combat deployment changed drastically after a rocket-propelled grenade struck her helicopter. Four feet from the explosion, King sustained a traumatic brain injury, including injuries to her jaw and spine. She returned to work four days later, but the long-term effects of her TBI, and the additional diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder, were not apparent for months.

Photo of TBI Champion Beth King geared up for a ride.

Most of her symptoms involved headaches, difficulty concentrating, affected speech and ability to communicate—as well as mobility challenges. It took 18 months for King to access advanced treatment for her TBI, and she grew frustrated.

"I didn't understand fully what a brain injury was, or that it would get worse," King said. "I don't think anybody really understood what was happening to my brain at that time."

When King arrived at a new location, a neurologist refused to clear her to continue flying because of her daily, persistent headaches. Although she was relieved by the TBI diagnosis, King still felt the loss of her beloved job and Army career.

"As much as I love my family, I liked the mission," she said. "I liked deploying. I felt like, if we had gone when I first started complaining, that maybe I would still be able to go with my unit. Instead, I had to sit back while they get to go on a mission … and I [went] to medical appointments."

After King said she had given up the idea of a "functional life," her occupational therapist suggested she try using a recumbent bicycle—an idea she initially rejected due to difficulty balancing. She then realized a tricycle, rather than a two-wheeled "upright" bike, might be what she called the "beginning of something more"—ultimately, athletic competition at the 2019 Warrior Games in Tampa, Florida.

"I wanted something back," King said. "I felt like I had lost everything, …but the only thing I truly lost was my job. Everything else—I just needed to adapt and find a new way to do it. … Your body will try to tell you that you can't, but it's not true!

"The recumbent is the one place where I don't need any assistance. … I'm completely independent and I'm successful."

King earned a gold medal in cycling at the 2019 Warrior Games, and competed in the air rifle, rowing and other events. She hopes her journey and passion for sports will help inspire others to take those first steps and try something new.

"I miss flying. That wind in your face is pretty amazing," she said. "[Cycling] is probably the closest I'm ever going to get to it while my feet are on the ground."

The hardest part for King was trying to explain to her 8-year-old son why she could not skateboard or do obstacle courses with him anymore.

"It was hard for him to fully 'get it,' because I looked fine. … I wasn't missing any limbs. I wasn't in a wheelchair. I didn't have any big, ugly scars," she said. "So … it took a while for him … to understand that just because you couldn't see it, didn't mean that it wasn't there."

Her varying condition, especially finding the right words quickly, was also challenging for other adults to process.

"Even with dealing with my parents, …I have just been frustrated, because I can't get my words out." King said. "And then instead of allowing me time to … figure out what I'm trying to say, they say 'I don't understand why you're getting so upset,' … and it becomes this horrible cycle."

The Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence (formerly DVBIC) established the A Head for the Future initiative in 2014 to educate veterans, their families, line leaders, health care providers and caregivers about the signs, symptoms and treatment of TBI. More than 400,000 veterans and service members have been diagnosed with TBI since 2000, with the majority of the injuries occurring in noncombat incidents. That education, which includes videos, blogs and resources detailing what others have experienced during the recovery process, has been a critical factor in raising awareness and encouraging advocacy for wounded veterans. TBICoE also developed and recently updated the Military Acute Concussion Evaluation 2 (MACE 2) tool; it assists providers in rapidly assessing TBI and getting service members into treatment programs.

King remains optimistic about her future and proudly displays a tattoo of herself on her recumbent bike with the caption, ";the chain that frees me."

"Even if I can't be who I was before, I'm not really limited. Just one pedal at a time!"

Are you wondering about TBI signs and symptoms? Check out these TBICoE fact sheets.

A Different Kind of TBI: Veteran Survives Brain Cancer and Copes with Brain Injury

Army Spc. Christopher “Dalton” Mask was on his way to his biggest challenge in his military career: Army Ranger School. He had been training for several months, running 20 miles per week, and working out three times daily. As he was setting up a TV in his new room, he had a seizure and fell, hitting his head on the side of his bed — resulting in a concussion, or a mild traumatic brain injury. He had never experienced a seizure before, so the experience was quite a shock.

Photo of Dalton Mask with a nurse during a chemo treatment.

"I went to a hospital in Germany, where they gave me several MRIs and several tests. They told me that I had a mass the size of a golf ball on my brain." Mask said. "I was training every day as hard as I could, and two weeks from going to [pre-Ranger] school. And then days later, I got told I had Stage 3 brain cancer. It was just a slap in the face."

Facing a long road of surgery, chemotherapy and treatment for an oligodendroglioma brain tumor—and while coping with symptoms of his traumatic brain injury—the 20-year-old Mask decided that he was going to remain positive in his journey to recovery.

"I knew that, if I was negative, it would beat me. So, positivity is what kept me alive and made me go through this process … of having brain cancer," Mask said. "After the surgery … I did six rounds of radiation … then they recommended chemo. I had to go through six rounds of three different types of chemotherapy."

Mask's family was instrumental to his recovery; when they heard the news about the sudden and drastic change to his medical condition, they immediately rallied their support.

"They're my main support group, so having them here definitely makes me feel more comfortable because … they've gotten me through everything I've been through. They're the reason I'm still here,” Mask said.

Michelle Mask, Dalton's mother, emphasized the importance of patience through his recovery, especially recurring memory lapses.

"I think for us, supporting him, not making fun of him, not poking jokes, no reminding him that, 'you just asked us that.' Being patient, and kind of talking to him about it … that was very helpful. And just loving on him, and just kind of keep inspiring him," she said.

It was a challenge to deal with the effects of a traumatic brain injury, which would cause Dalton to have difficulty finding the words he wanted to say, repeat himself several times, or have mood swings because of the medication. His mother explained the frustration.

"I think a lot of times when people can't see a physical injury, they just assume somebody is okay and they don't understand that there's a lot of other stuff going on there," she said.

After completing his treatments, Mask was offered the opportunity to compete with 300 military athletes for Warrior Games, which was held June 21-30 in Tampa, Florida. He competed in both golf and seated volleyball; he had only started playing golf three years ago, but found the sport to be very "peaceful." Mask described the experience of teaming up with his fellow service members.

"It's comforting, but also honoring, because you're getting a chance to take place in something that's bigger than you. When you look at all the people that have been through what they've been through, the amputees and people with severe TBIs. When they go and they get hurt, but they still want to drive on for the reason to participate in something like this, it's amazing to see."

Mask offers some advice to other service members who may be experiencing TBI symptoms, but who may not have been diagnosed yet.

"It's definitely worth a trip to the doctor just to get an MRI and make sure you're good, because the last thing you want to do is not know you have something when you really do. I didn't have any signs of me having a brain tumor, but they said it had been growing for over ten years."

While Mask's military career was shorter than he expected, he remains optimistic about his future plans after his medical retirement from the Army.

"I know I have just another chapter in my life that's going to be opened, and I can look forward to that, continue taking college classes [in law enforcement] and just, I feel like I'm right where I'm supposed to be."

Therapy and Family Support Aid Recovery for Veteran With Severe TBI

June 23, 2017, was like any other bowling night for Marine Corps Cpl. Dustin Braun. He was driving a fellow Marine home on a dim back road in Okinawa, Japan, where they were stationed. Suddenly, he lost control of his vehicle, which slammed into a guardrail before flying into a streetlight encased in concrete.

Photo of Dustin and Samantha Braun together.

Dustin's friend was conscious and had just a few minor injuries, but Dustin suffered several life-threatening injuries. Fortunately, nearby neighbors living on base heard the crash and came to the rescue. They called for an ambulance, which took around 40 minutes to reach the crash site. After Dustin was extracted from the car, he was transported to the hospital.

Dustin's wife, Samantha Braun, heard about the crash from her neighbor, whose husband was the passenger in Dustin's vehicle. "My neighbor drove me to the ER that night, where we sat for hours. All we heard from the staff was that they were trying to save him," Samantha said. It wasn't until she spoke to the doctor about Dustin's injuries that she knew how serious it was.

Dustin had respiratory failure, a collapsed lung, fractures of his skull, face, jaw and clavicle. He also sustained a severe traumatic brain injury, which affected the entire brain.

After a week in the local intensive care unit, Dustin was medevacked to Naval Medical Center San Diego, where he was put into a medically induced coma. During the next four months, he was transferred to a medical center in Virginia—and eventually to medical centers in Kentucky and Indiana for additional treatment.

"At the time, I didn't know what everything meant. It was a lot of unknowns," Samantha said. "I realized brain injuries are like fingerprints: Everyone's recovery is so unique and different, you never know what to expect."

In mid-October 2017, Dustin regained consciousness while in Virginia. For the next two weeks, he was asked to practice two functional movements: Put a ball cap on and off his head and place a ball in a miniature basketball hoop.

One month after he was considered conscious, Dustin started to regain his speech—and his wife gave birth to their son, Hunter. Thanks to the support of the hospital staff, Dustin was present during the baby's delivery.

Samantha is grateful that Dustin has made it this far, especially considering that he wasn't expected to survive. After many more months of recovery and rehab, the family now lives in Evansville, Indiana. Dustin has started using a walker for short distances, but he primarily uses a wheelchair as he continues his therapy. Samantha serves as his full-time caregiver, attending to both Dustin's and their son's many daily needs. Dustin also experiences short-term memory loss, a lifelong issue that his wife helps him overcome.

"Currently, I drive him to all of his appointments. He's in occupational, physical and speech therapy three times a week, among other appointments, which is greatly helping his recovery," she said. "He is a miracle, but his recovery has been a roller coaster these past two years."

When the Braun family isn't at therapy or doctor's appointments, they're spending time at a less conventional therapeutic spot. "We recently joined a gym that has made a huge difference for Dustin and me. It's called Lift 4 Life," Samantha said. "It's not like any ordinary gym. It's owned by a disabled Navy veteran and has much more than weights."

Following Dustin's injury, Samantha began connecting with a mutual friend of her family who also sustained a severe TBI while serving as a firefighter. Now, Dustin and Samantha are planning to finally meet her at the Lift 4 Life gym. "This gym brings people with TBIs and disabilities together. I'm hoping Dustin can start making new friends here," Samantha said.

Dustin and Samantha are also adjusting to life after Dustin's medical retirement from the Marines. "The Marine Corps was Dustin's life," Samantha said. "He planned on being a career Marine and sticking out the 20 years."

"We had a lot of plans already in place. Now, we must figure out our new dreams and what we want." Those new dreams include their shared goal of building a house in Indiana in the next few years.

"I hope Dustin's story gives hope and light to others who've gone through this," said Samantha. "His recovery is not what you see in movies, but we're very fortunate he's where he is today. It's been a lot of praying, patience and work."

Are you wondering about TBI signs and symptoms? Check out this TBICoE fact sheet.

Yoga Helps Restore Marine Corps Veteran’s Health

Inspired by his sister’s service in the Marine Corps nearly 20 years ago, Marine Corps veteran Micah Norgard spent 12 years as an infantryman, serving in a variety of roles and locations. But his biggest battle was in recognizing the cumulative effects of 21 potentially concussive event exposures and multiple undiagnosed traumatic brain injuries. That journey took him from years of internal conflict to a diagnosis at VA and, ultimately, finding daily healing as a yoga instructor.

Micah Norgard doing yoga

Norgard's first TBI resulted from an assault by a fellow Marine. During deployments to Iraq, frequent exposure to the blast impacts of mortar and IED (improvised explosive device) explosions contributed to his additional TBIs. Although Norgard realized he was injured, his condition was undiagnosed for nearly two decades—unaware of TBI symptoms and long-term effects, or the extensive research on TBIs by the Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence as well as the resources available to properly support his recovery.

"I could go into each individual one, but … these were internal wounds that we weren't taught about," Norgard said. "In the time that I was coming up, it was part of that 'man-up' phase where we didn't talk about mental health, we didn't talk about brain injuries or anything like that. We just saw it as part of what we signed up for."

After he returned from his first deployment to Iraq, Norgard noticed some physical changes, including slurred speech. Various symptoms and conditions followed. "My vision was just … like everything was not right. It felt like everything had just been shifted out of me a little bit—energy, vision, thought. Everything just totally just shifted, like literally blasted a little bit out of me," Norgard said.

Then came the changes in behavior, personality and mood. Norgard aid it was "…almost like sharp knives penetrating me constantly, and I would react to them instead of being able to control them." This drastic shift was challenging to manage.

"I was a very introverted person as a kid, very silent. And here's this person who is now very vocal, very confrontational, very angry at all things all the time," Norgard said. "And as I later came to tell my students, it's this buffer that we build through resiliency, and all that resiliency that was trained and was just gone. All the emotions just ran rampant."

Exercise and participating in marathons was Norgard's main way of relieving stress, but when he injured his ankle and could no longer run, he became curious about an ancient art: yoga. Encouraged by a social media post that showed a number of intricate poses, he began practicing individually with a 30-day challenge. He was hooked.

"I started to feel something in my physical body I hadn't felt before—an awareness. And along the line I started to feel this softening, this softening of anxiety. A lightness to my body would come, especially the longer and more I breathed," Norgard said. "There's a ton of concentration techniques that we utilize to sharpen that concentration muscle, like flexing a muscle."

Through yoga, he began to process all the trauma he had experienced throughout his military career, to understand the extent of his injuries and, eventually, to seek help. He was finally evaluated at VA nearly two years ago, and his diagnosis of multiple TBI was validating, leading to a variety of treatments. Group therapy and hearing the stories of other veterans in his community was empowering and supplemented prescribed medications—at one point, as many as 34 pills per day.

"I would not change anything about the path that I took through Western modalities into the less Western modalities of yoga and other types of healing arts," Norgard said. "I think it's a combination of both, but I think now what Western medicine couldn't do, the Eastern—in the form of yoga healing arts—is finishing."

He regained a sense of community and healing through the practice of yoga. Later, as an instructor, the healing process reached a deeper level. "It was honestly the first time in my entire life, adult life especially, that I truly felt accepted for all my weirdness, all my traumas, all my injuries," Norgard said. "Everything that made me, I truly felt accepted here—not only accepted, I felt seen and I felt heard. And that is just the entire vibe of this place."

Norgard is undaunted by the journey ahead in managing his condition, confident in the tools and support from his family, his partner, Damien, and new friends he's made.

"No matter what, it takes work to heal. … Just be patient with yourself. … Progress is progress, and the moment you think you have it, just like a balancing posture in yoga, the moment you think you got it and you stop making the constant little shifts, you're going to fall. It's the same thing with our mental health. Our TBI is something that you just have to balance constantly for your entire life."

Are you wondering about TBI signs and symptoms? Check out this TBICoE fact sheet.

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