The Department of Defense continues to monitor human-to-human transmission of mpox. While it has not become a widespread threat to our forces, we are committed to the health and safety of our troops both at home and abroad.
Mpox illness is spread through:
- direct contact with an infectious rash, scabs, or body fluids
- respiratory secretions during prolonged, face-to-face contact, or during intimate physical contact, such as kissing, cuddling, or sex
- touching objects, fabrics (such as clothing or linens) that previously touched the rash or body fluids of someone with mpox
- scratches or bites by an infected animal
Most patients with mpox infection have mild disease and do not require medical intervention.
- Supportive care is the mainstay treatment which may include hydration and treatment of secondary bacterial infection.
- Patients with fever, swollen lymph nodes, and rash should consult a medical professional.
- Avoid sexual contact and other potential transmission routes to avoid spreading the disease.
When mpox is suspected as a diagnosis, health care providers must isolate the patient in a single room in adherence to appropriate infection control guidelines outlined by the CDC.
- Complications involving the airway and central nervous system can occur, with the World Health Organization reporting mortality rates range between 0-11 percent with more recent data showing fatality rate closer to 3-6 percent.
- Mortality rates in non-endemic areas are not well known, and this rate varies with availability of advanced medical care.